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Identifikáció a makroökonómiában – E. Nakamura – J. Steinsson

BlogMadarász Aladár

Identification in Macroeconomics

Emi Nakamura and Jón Steinsson
Columbia University
October 3, 2017
 
Abstract
This paper discusses empirical approaches macroeconomists use to answer questions like:
What does monetary policy do?   
How large are the effects of fiscal stimulus?   
What caused the Great Recession?
Why do some countries grow faster than others?
Identification of causal effects plays two roles in this process.  
In certain cases, progress can be made using the direct approach of identifying plausibly
exogenous variation in a policy and using this variation to assess the effect of the policy.
However, external validity concerns limit what can be learned in this way.  
Carefully identified causal effects estimates can also be used as moments in a structural
moment matching exercise. We argue that such “identified moments” are often powerful
diagnostic tools for distinguishing between important classes of models (and thereby learn-
ing about the effects of policy).  
Identified moments can yield robust inference because their value is typically invariant
to many model features.  To illustrate these notions we discuss the growing use of cross-sectional
evidence in macroeconomics and consider what the best existing evidence is on the effects of monetary policy.

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